Spermidine foda

Phcoker suna da damar yin taro da kuma samar da Spermidine foda a ƙarƙashin yanayin cGMP.

Spermidine samfuri ne na halitta, sinadarai an rarraba shi azaman polyamine. Matakan spermidine a jikinmu yana farawa da raguwa da shekaru don haka ana ba da shawarar sake cika su da kari. Abubuwan sinadaran Spermidine suna da damar dakatar da tsarin yanayin tsufa na salon salula da kuma yaki da cututtukan da ke da alaƙa da tsufa.
Spermidine sabon sinadari ne akan kasuwan kari don rigakafin tsufa da tsawon rai. Ana iya samun foda na spermidine na halitta daga Alkama Germ, amma abun ciki na spermidine a cikinta yana da ƙasa sosai, watakila ƙasa da 0.1% cikin tsarki.

Menene Spermidine?

Spermidine wani fili ne na polyamine wanda aka samo shi a cikin ribosomes da kyallen takarda masu rai waɗanda ke da ayyuka daban-daban na rayuwa a cikin kwayoyin halitta kuma suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen aikin tantanin halitta da rayuwa. Wataƙila kuna mamakin dalilin da yasa ake kiransa haka; da kyau, saboda an fara gano mahallin a cikin samfurin maniyyi a 1687 ta wurin wani babban masanin kimiya na Holland Anton Van Leeuwenhoek, saboda haka sunan. Duk da haka, ana samunsa a cikin dukkanin kwayoyin eukaryotic.
An halicci Spermidine daga farkonsa, fili na putrescine a cikin jiki. Putrescine shine farkon don maniyyi, wani polyamine kuma yana da mahimmanci ga aikin salula. Putrescine da spermidine suna taimakawa haɓaka haɓakar nama da aiki lafiya. yaya? Polyamines na iya ɗaure ga ƙwayoyin cuta daban-daban, kuma a can suna haɓaka haɓakar tantanin halitta, kwanciyar hankali na DNA, haɓakar tantanin halitta, da hanyoyin apoptosis. Hakanan ya bayyana cewa polyamines suna aiki daidai da abubuwan haɓaka yayin rarraba tantanin halitta.

Spermidine da autophagy

Kafin mu nutse cikin wasu bincike masu ban sha'awa a bayan maniyyi da kuma dalilin da yasa wasu masu bincike ke ganin zai iya zama da amfani wajen rage tsufa, ya kamata mu fara duba yadda aka halicce shi.
Kamar yadda muka sani cewa putrescine yana ba da damar ƙirƙirar spermidine a matsayin wani ɓangare na tsari wanda putrescine ya rushe decarboxylated S-adenosylmethionine.
Yana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen daidaita tsarin tafiyar matakai na rayuwa daban-daban, gami da matakan pH na ciki da kuma kula da yuwuwar tantanin halitta. Spermidine kuma yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin matakai masu mahimmanci na ilimin halitta, ciki har da masu karɓa na aspartate, cGMP / PKG hanya kunnawa, nitric oxide synthase, da kuma cerebral cortex synaptosome aiki.
Spermidine yana da sha'awar masana kimiyya a cikin mahallin tsufa saboda yana da mahimmancin morphogenetic mai kayyade tsawon rayuwar sel da kyallen takarda [3].
Ƙarfin spermidine don haifar da autophagy ana tsammanin shine babban tsarin da ya bayyana don rage tsufa da tallafawa tsawon rai [4].
An nuna shi don haifar da autophagy a cikin ƙwayoyin hanta na linzamin kwamfuta, tsutsotsi, yisti da kwari [5].
Ƙwararren ƙwayar cuta ta autophagy da rashin spermidine suna da alaƙa sosai tare da rage tsawon rayuwa, damuwa na yau da kullum, da kumburi mai tsanani.

Siffofin Spermidine da ƙayyadaddun bayanai

Sauran sharuɗɗan da ke magana akan spermidine sune spermidine trihydrochloride foda, Alkama Germ Extract Foda (Spermidine) 1%.
Menene Spermidine trihydrochloride foda?
Spermidine trihydrochloride foda, shine nau'in trihydrochloride na spermidine. Spermidine tushe yana cikin nau'in ruwa, yayin da Spermidine trihydrochloride yake cikin foda. Spermidine trihydrochloride shine sifa mafi kwanciyar hankali saboda spermidine yana da iska sosai. Spermidine trihydrochloride foda benfits iri ɗaya ne tare da fa'idodin Spermidine.

Menene Cirin Alkama 1%?
Cire ƙwayar alkama ya ƙunshi mafi yawan adadin Spermidine, yana ɗauke da 1% spermidine. Spermidine a cikin kwayoyin alkama yana da amfani wajen rage ciwon daji kuma yana inganta lafiyar zuciya. Hakanan yana ƙunshe da antioxidants kuma yana iya haɓaka rigakafi gaba ɗaya.

Yaya spermidine ke aiki

Spermidine ba mai guba ba ne. Spermidine polyamine ne na halitta wanda ke haifar da autophagy na cytoprotective. Abin da ke sa sinadaran spermidine ya zama na musamman shine tasirinsa na inganta tsarin tsarin jiki na autophagy a cikin jiki, wanda ke sa sel sabo da lafiya.
Autophagy yana aiki azaman sabis na zubar da shara ta salula. Wannan shirin tsaftace kai yana taimaka wa sel ta hanyar cire duk wani abu daga lalacewa ko ɓarna sunadaran zuwa ga dukkan gabobin jiki sannan a sake sarrafa su. Wannan muhimmiyar rawa ce saboda lalacewar kayan salula suna yin mummunan tasiri ga lafiyar kwayar halitta kuma a lokuta masu tsanani na iya haifar da mummunar lalacewa.
Hakanan yana kare ƙwayoyin ku daga mahadi masu cutarwa kamar radicals kyauta. Spermidine yana da kaddarorin anti-tsufa domin yana inganta lafiyar tantanin halitta a cikin jikin ku. Alal misali, yana inganta lafiyar ƙwayoyin zuciya da kwakwalwa, wanda ke rage kamuwa da cututtukan da suka shafi shekaru. Kuna iya ƙara matakin Spermidine wanda kuke ɗauka a cikin yau da kullun ta hanyar ɗauka da siyan ƙarin foda na Spermidine.

Tushen spermidine (Waɗanne abinci ne suke da yawa a cikin spermidine)

Ana samun Spermidine a kowane tantanin halitta na jiki. Samfurin halitta ba a zahiri ke samar da su ta hanyar sel kansu ba, amma ta wasu ƙwayoyin cuta na enterobacteria. Kusan kashi ɗaya bisa uku na spermidine ana samar da shi a cikin jiki yayin da sauran kashi biyu cikin uku, mafi rinjaye, ana samun su daga abincinmu.
Spermidine mai narkewa ne da ruwa, kurkura a cikin ruwa yana rage spermidine sosai a cikin abinci.
Gaba ɗaya:
'Ya'yan itãcen marmari suna da ƙarancin maniyyi, mai nasara shine mango tare da nama 3 MG / 100g kuma kifi yana da ƙarancin spermidine, wanda ya ci nasara ana niƙasa naman sa tare da goro 4mg/100g da busassun 'ya'yan itace masu ƙarancin maniyyin: wanda ya ci hazelnuts tare da 2mg/100g kayan lambu suna da ƙarancin spermidine, mai nasara shine masara tare da 3mg/100g
24.3 MG / 100 g ƙwayar alkama
19 MG / 100 g cheddar cuku
6-14 MG / 100 g peas
19 mg/100g ja wake
2-10 MG / 100 g broccoli da farin kabeji
9 MG / 100 g Champignons de Paris namomin kaza
3 MG / 100 g mango
3 MG / 100 g kabeji
3 mg / 100 g masara
2 MG / 100 g seleri da guna
2 MG / 100 g gurasar hatsi

Yayin da ake samun spermidine a cikin abinci gabaɗaya, ana kuma iya ɗauka ta hanyar kari - hanya mafi inganci don kiyaye matakan spermidine. Akwai kariyar spermidine da yawa don siyarwa akan layi, don samun sakamako mafi kyau, siyan samfurin daga ƙwararrun masu siyar da Spermidine.
Abubuwan kari na Spermidine suna da fa'idar ƙunshe da adadi mai sarrafawa na kayan aiki. Maɓuɓɓugar halitta, a gefe guda, suna ƙarƙashin babban nau'in bambancin yanayi. Saboda haka, babban ingancin spermidine trihydrochloride foda shine mafi kyawun zaɓin ku idan kuna son ramawa daidai da raguwar spermidine mai alaƙa da shekaru.

Amfanin spermidine

Spermidine anti-tsufa
Tsufawar kwayar halitta tana faruwa ne lokacin da tsarin halitta na autophagy, wanda shine sake yin amfani da ƙwayoyin da suka lalace, yayi kuskure. Spermidine, a matsayin mai sarrafa autophagy, na iya zama makami mai tasiri akan tsufa. Matsalolin spermidine yana raguwa da shekaru. Shan spermidine kari foda yana hade da tsufa kuma yana rage yawan adadin free radicals.

Spermidine da haɓaka gashi
Bincike ya nuna cewa yin amfani da kari na spermidine na iya inganta ci gaban gashi. Alal misali, binciken da aka yi na mutane 100 masu lafiya ya nuna cewa karin kayan abinci na spermidine yana tsawaita lokacin girma gashi mai aiki, wanda ake kira lokaci anagen. Yayin da gashin gashi ya kasance a cikin lokacin anagen, tsawon gashin zai yi girma. Bincike a cikin bututun gwaji ya kuma nuna cewa maniyyi na kara kuzari ga gashin dan adam.

Spermidine yana inganta lafiyar zuciya
An nuna Spermidine daga tushen abinci don fitar da tasirin cututtukan zuciya ta hanyar autophagy, bisa ga binciken a cikin berayen, mice, da mutane suna nuna rage hauhawar hauhawar jini da tsufa na arterial. Hakazalika, yawan shan spermidine yana da alaƙa da rage hawan jini da ƙananan haɗarin cututtukan zuciya, yana haifar da ƙananan mace-mace a cikin mutane.

Amfanin Spermidine don hana Ciwon daji
Bugu da ƙari, haɓaka tsawon rayuwa, har zuwa 25%, binciken da aka gudanar a cikin mice ya nuna cewa ƙwayar spermidine yana rage yawan ƙwayar hanta da kuma hadarin ciwon daji, har ma a cikin batutuwa da aka fallasa su da sinadarai masu haifar da fibrosis na hanta. Nazarin lura da ɗan adam kuma ya danganta shan spermidine na abinci tare da raguwar haɗarin ciwon daji na hanji. Lokacin da ka ɗauki kayan kariyar Spermidine da aka yi da spermidine trihydrochloride foda, za ka yi nisa wajen kare jikinka daga ciwon daji. Kuna iya amfani da kari na Spermidine yayin maganin ciwon daji.

Spermidine na iya rage raguwar fahimi
Binciken da aka buga a cikin 2021 a cikin mujallar Cell Reports yana ba da cikakken bayani game da spermidine na abinci yana inganta haɓakar fahimta da aikin mitochondrial a cikin kwari da mice, tare da wasu bayanan ɗan adam mai yiwuwa don cire shi [13]. Duk da yake wannan binciken ya kasance mai ban sha'awa, yana da wasu iyakoki, kuma ana buƙatar ƙarin bayanan amsa-kashi kafin a iya yanke shawara mai mahimmanci game da fa'idodin fahimtar ɗan adam. Shan ƙarin foda na spermidine na iya juyar da lalacewar neuron da ke haifar da kumburi, damuwa na oxidative, da ischemia.It na iya rage haɗarin fama da cututtukan neurodegenerative kamar cutar Alzheimer da cutar Parkinson.

Spermidine da Rage nauyi
Duk da yake spermidine yana da alama yana taka rawa wajen samar da ƙwayoyin mai, babu wani abinci mai shaida (ko kari) wanda ke dauke da wannan abu yana inganta asarar nauyi. Hakazalika, babu wanda zai iya cewa idan wannan kayan yana haɓaka metabolism ko dai. Binciken ɗan adam game da asarar nauyi da adadin kuzari ya rasa.

Spermidine vs NMN

Dukansu abubuwa ne masu zafi don rigakafin tsufa da tsawon rai, amma tsarin aikin ya bambanta. sinadaran spermidine suna taimakawa wajen tsufa ta hanyar autophagy, yayin da NMN foda zai iya samun tasiri mai amfani a cikin tsufa ta hanyar haɓaka matakan NAD + a jikinmu. Kariyar Spermidine ita ce hanya mafi kyau don cimma burin ku saboda autophagy tsari ne na halitta wanda ya fara rushewa da sake sarrafa ƙwayoyin da suka lalace.
Su duka biyu masu narkewa ne kuma barga cikin ruwa, tare da babban bioavailability.

Spermidine vs Spermine

Maniyyi wani nau'in polyamine ne. Dukansu mahadi suna da alaƙa da juna. Maniyyi an samo shi daga Spermidine kuma yana da mahimmanci ga metabolism na sel a cikin mutane da tsire-tsire. Shan abubuwan da aka yi da spermidine trihydrochloride foda yana tabbatar da cewa kuna samun amfanin maniyyi kuma.

Spermidine da Mitochondria

Mitochondria sau da yawa ake kira gidan wutar lantarki na tantanin halitta sanannen yanki ne na binciken rigakafin tsufa. Ana tunanin lahani a cikin mitochondria yana taimakawa wajen tsufa. Ana tunanin Spermidine don haɓaka samuwar mitochondria a cikin sel. Amma kuma, ana buƙatar bayanan amsa-kashi kafin a iya yanke shawara mai ƙarfi game da fa'idodin inganta aikin mitochondria.

Sakamakon sakamako na spermidine

Babu wani sakamako masu illa da aka lura yayin shan spermidine supplement foda, idan kun fuskanci matsalolin Spermidine, daina shan shi nan da nan kuma ku tuntubi likitan ku. Don siyan mafi kyawun spermidine zai taimaka wajen guje wa mummunan sakamako

Spermidine sashi

Ba a kafa mafi kyawun adadin spermidine ba, kodayake wasu gwaje-gwaje a cikin tsofaffi sun nuna cewa 1.2 MG na spermidine a kowace rana yana da lafiya.

Spermidine da COVID-19

Babban jigon labarai na likitanci a cikin 'yan shekarun da suka gabata shine cutar ta COVID-19 mai gudana, wacce ke da babban tasiri ga tsawon rai, lafiya da walwala a duniya. Yin amfani da kari don haɓaka aikin rigakafi da rage kumburi ya zama sananne yayin bala'in yayin da mutane suka ɗauki 'yancin kai akan lafiyarsu. Kari zai iya taimakawa hanawa da rage alamun cututtuka na numfashi kamar mura da mura. Fatan shine cewa ana iya canza wannan zuwa kamuwa da cutar COVID-19. Idan aka yi la’akari da cewa babbar hanyar da maniyyi ya shafa ita ce autophagy, wanda wani bangare ne na tsarin garkuwar jiki da ke kawar da kwayoyin cuta da kuma daidaita kumburi, wannan hasashe ba ta da nisa.
Har ma da ma'ana, wani bincike na yanzu na masana ilimin halittu a Berliner Charité yana bincika yuwuwar spermidine dangane da batun da ake zargi na COVID-19. Mun sani daga binciken da ya gabata cewa coronavirus yana canza duk metabolism na sel, yana haifar da raguwar matakan spermidine, a tsakanin sauran tasirin. Wannan kuma yana hana aiwatar da zubar da sharar salula (autophagy). A cikin binciken Jamusanci da aka ambata a sama, ƙwayoyin da suka kamu da cutar ta coronavirus an yi musu magani da spermidine, sakamakon haka adadin ƙwayoyin cutar ya ragu da kusan 85%. Wani bincike da Farfesa Simon na Oxford yayi a baya ya kuma nuna cewa spermidine na karfafa garkuwar garkuwar jiki. Don haka spermidine yana da aces guda biyu sama da hannun riga lokacin da ya zo yaƙin coronavirus: (a) hana yaduwar ƙwayar cuta da (b) ƙarfafa martanin rigakafin rigakafi. Amma har yanzu muna jira mu gani - za a buƙaci cikakken nazarin asibiti kafin mu iya zana kowane tabbataccen ƙarshe.

Inda za a saya girma maniyyi?

Idan kuna gwagwarmaya don samun isasshen abinci a cikin abincin ku kuma kuna iya samun shi azaman kari na spermidine. Maniyyi na roba da ake amfani da shi a cikin kari yayi daidai da kwayoyin halitta da ke faruwa.
Mafi yawa za ku sami ƙwayar alkama cire spermidine foda capsules lokacin da kuke ƙoƙarin bincika abubuwan da ake amfani da su na spermidine - amma waɗannan gabaɗaya ba a cika su ba. Yawancin ma ba su lissafta adadin maniyyin da suke da su ba. Phcoker yana ba da foda mai yawa na spermidine trihydrochloride. Mafi kyawun kari na spermidine foda yana tare da babban tsabta da bioavailability.
Kamfaninmu a matsayin masana'anta na masana'anta yana ba da babban haja da farashin farashi game da spermidine trihydrochloride foda da Spermidine.

FAQs

ls spermidine iri daya da kwayar alkama?
Ana samun Spermidine a yawancin abincin da muke ci. Kuma a haƙiƙa, ƙwayar alkama ɗin mu (Spermidine) ana fitar da 1% daga ƙwayar alkama. Duk da haka, sau da yawa ba mu samun abin da muke bukata daga abinci kawai, musamman yayin da muke tsufa kuma jikinmu yana buƙatar ƙarin abubuwan gina jiki. Wannan shine inda kari zai iya shiga don taimakawa wajen tallafawa jiki mai lafiya.

ls spermidine lafiya don ɗauka?
Ee, samfuri ne na zahiri da ke faruwa a cikin jiki da kuma ɓangaren abincin mu na halitta. Bayanan sun nuna cewa ƙarar spermidine ta amfani da spermidine trihydrochloride foda yana da lafiya kuma yana da kyau.

Shin girki yana lalata spermidine?
Dangane da wasu dabarun dafa abinci da suka shafi yanayin zafi (53) sun bayyana cewa gasa, gasa, ko soya suna haifar da asarar kusan kashi 60 na maniyyi da maniyyi a cikin naman kaji.

yaushe zan dauki kari na spermidine?
Wasu gwaje-gwaje sun nuna cewa 1.2 MG na spermidine a kowace rana yana da lafiya gaba daya. Ko ana yin wannan da safe, da tsakar rana ko da yamma, yana ƙarƙashin abubuwan da kuke so, amma muna ba da shawarar ɗaukar shi koyaushe a lokaci ɗaya na rana.

Menene maniyyi da spermidine?
An fara gano Spermidine a cikin samfurin maniyyi a cikin 1687 ta wurin shararren masani dan kasar Holland Anton Van Leeuwenhoek, saboda haka sunan. Duk da haka, ana samunsa a cikin dukkanin kwayoyin eukaryotic. Spermidine yana da ƙasa a cikin Maniyyi.

Shin zan sha kari na spermidine?
Nazarin farko ya nuna cewa cin abinci mai wadatar spermidine na iya ba da gudummawa ga tsawon rayuwa. Shan kariyar spermidine na yau da kullun yayin da kuka tsufa hanya ce mai aminci don kariya daga cututtukan da suka shafi shekaru da haɓaka cikakkiyar lafiya.

Shin spermidine zai iya dawo da tsufa?
Wadatar waje na spermidine na halitta na iya tsawaita tsawon rayuwa a cikin kwayoyin halitta da suka hada da yisti, nematodes, kwari da mice. Shaidar annoba ta baya-bayan nan ta nuna cewa yawan shan spermidine tare da abinci kuma yana rage yawan mace-mace, cututtukan zuciya da cututtukan daji a cikin mutane.

Nawa spermidine ke cikin cuku mai tsufa?
Yawan girma cuku, yawancin polyamines da ke cikinsa.
Spermidine shine kamar haka. Babban cuku yana da matsakaicin 10 MG na spermidine a kowace g 100 na abinci, bisa ga nazarin 2011. Masana kimiyya daga Graz don haka sun tabbatar da cewa cuku mai girma yana da tasiri mai kyau ga zuciya, amma kuma ya nuna babban abun ciki.

Zan iya shan spermidine akan komai a ciki?
A kowane hali, muna ba da shawarar shan Spermidine yayin cin abinci don haɓaka bioavailability.

Zan iya shan spermidine yayin azumi?
Nazarin ya nuna cewa abubuwan da ake amfani da su na spermidine suna haɓaka autophagy. Spermidine hanya ce mai ƙarfi don kwaikwayi azumi a kwanakin da kuke son cin abinci ko don haɓaka saurin ku don ƙarin fa'idodi (da kaina, Ina amfani da duka azumi da abubuwan da aka yi da spermidine trihydrochloride foda don kula da autophagy).

Menene Spermidine 3HCL?
Spermidine shine polyamine aliphatic da ke faruwa a zahiri wanda ake samarwa a jikin ɗan adam, da kuma ta wasu abinci. Asalin sinadarin Spermidine an fara keɓe shi daga maniyyi, saboda haka sunan, duk da haka yanzu ana samar da shi ta hanyar synthetically kuma ana fitar da shi daga abinci. Phcoker yana ba da bulk spermidine trihydrochloride foda tare da farashi mai girma. Muna da babban ingancin spermidine trihydrochloride foda na siyarwa.

Menene Autophagy?
Autophagy yana aiki kamar shirin sake amfani da sharar salula. Yana taimaka wa sel ɗinku tsaftace lalacewa ko ɓarna sunadaran da manyan gabobin da zasu iya haifar da rashin lafiya da ke da alaƙa da shekaru, kuma yana canza su zuwa sassan salula masu aiki, yana haifar da farfadowar salon salula. A hanyoyi da yawa autophagy yana kafa tushe don rayuwa mai tsawo da lafiya. Yayin da muke tsufa, autophagy yana fara raguwa kuma a ƙarshe ya tsaya, yana sa mu fi dacewa da cututtuka. Koyaya, zamu iya haɓaka autophagy ta hanyar azumi ko kari na Spermidine.

Ta yaya za ku ƙara matakan spermidine a jikin ku?
Abin baƙin ciki shine, jikinmu yana tara lalacewa yayin da muke tsufa, yana ƙara yawan kamuwa da cututtuka. Hakazalika, matakan spermidine na halitta a hankali suna raguwa da shekaru. Duk da haka, ana iya gyara wannan ta hanyar cin abinci mai yawa na spermidine da kuma shan magungunan Spermidine, don haka yana iyakance tasirin tsufa akan tsawon rai. Duk da yake yana da amfani gabaɗaya don jin daɗin abinci iri-iri mai wadata a cikin abinci duka, hanya mafi inganci don rage raguwar matakan spermidine shine ta hanyar shan spermidine trihydrochloride foda. Ko da yake FDA ba ta kula da shi tare da daidaitattun daidaitattun magunguna kamar magungunan ƙwayoyi, abubuwan da ke daɗaɗɗen rayuwa yawanci sun ƙunshi abubuwan da aka samo ta halitta a cikin jiki da abinci, don haka babban inganci tare da ƙarancin guba. Abubuwan kari na Spermidine suna samuwa a cikin foda ko nau'in kwamfutar hannu kuma lokacin da aka sha akai-akai zai iya jinkirta tsufa yadda ya kamata. Wani batu mai zafi akan yanayin kari na tsawon rai, akwai nau'ikan nau'ikan kari na spermidine da yawa waɗanda duk an tallata su azaman samun fa'idodin rigakafin tsufa. An tsara shi don ɗaukar yau da kullun don tallafawa salon rayuwa mai kyau, ana iya haɗa abubuwan da ake amfani da su tare da sauran abubuwan rayuwa na tsawon rai kamar Resveratrol. Mafi kyawun kari na Spermidine shine wanda aka yi da spermidine trihydrochloride foda. Spermidine trihydrochloride foda ne mafi barga tsari, ko da yaushe saya spermidine trihydrochloride foda daga ainihin masu kaya.

reference:

  1. Kishi et al (1998) Spermidine, agonist na rukunin yanar gizo na polyamine, yana rage ƙarancin ƙwaƙwalwar aiki wanda ya haifar da toshewar masu karɓar muscarinic na hippocampal da mGluRs a cikin berayen. Brain Res. 793 311 PMID: 9630697
  2. Munir et al (1993) Polyamines suna daidaita tasirin neurotoxic na NMDA a cikin vivo. Brain Res. 616 163 PMID: 8358608
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