Ursodeoxycholic Acid Foda (128-13-2) Ƙididdiga
| Product Name | Ursodeoxycholic acid |
| Chemical Name | (R)-4-((3R,5S,7S,8R,9S,10S,13R,14S,17R)-3,7-dihydroxy-10,13-dimethylhexadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl)pentanoic acid |
| Synonym | UDCA;
Ursodiol; Tauroursodiol, urosodeoxycholic acid; Ursodeoxycholic acid (micronized); URSODEOXYCHOLIC Acid; URSODESOXYCHOLIC Acid; URSODEOXYCHOLOC Acid; |
| CAS Number | 128-13-2 |
| InChIKey | RUDATBOHQWOJDD-UZVSRGJWSA-N |
| Kwayoyin halitta FƘararraki | C24H40O4 |
| Kwayoyin halitta Wtakwas | 392.57 |
| Monoisotopic Mass | 392.29265975 |
| Ƙaddamarwa Point | 203-204 ° C (lit.) |
| Tafasa Point | 437.26 ° C (m kimantawa) |
| yawa | 0.9985 (ƙananan ƙididdiga) |
| Launi | Fari - kusan fari |
| solubility | ethanol: 50 mg / ml, bayyananne |
| Storage Taikin zafi | 2-8 ° C |
| Aikace-aikace | Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCS) shine kariyar tantanin halitta da ake amfani dashi da yawa don rage cututtukan hanta da biliary. Ursodeoxycholic acid ana iya amfani da shi don nazarin takamaiman ayyukansa waɗanda ke gudana daga raguwar sha kolesterol, narkar da gallstone cholesterol zuwa kashe amsawar rigakafi. |
| Rahoton Gwaji | Ya Rasu |
Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), wanda kuma aka sani da Ursodiol, wani bile acid ne wanda aka ɓoye a cikin ruwan bile. An fara gano shi a cikin bile na bears. Kodayake ba shine babban bile acid a cikin mutane ba, an gano yana da mahimman abubuwan warkewa. Tarihin amfani da UDCA a cikin mutane ana iya gano shi zuwa zamanin da a kasar Sin.
A halin yanzu, ana amfani da exogenous UDCA a duk duniya don magancewa da sarrafa yanayin hanta daban-daban, kamar cututtukan gallstone (cholelithiasis), biliary cholangitis na farko, da sclerosing cholangitis na farko.
Me yasa kuke buƙatar shan ursodeoxycholic acid (ursodiol)?
Ursodeoxycholic acid (ursodiol) yana taimakawa kare hanta da cholangiocytes kuma yana hana duk wani lahani a gare su. An kuma nuna UDCA foda don inganta rayuwar marasa lafiya a cikin yanayi daban-daban na hepatobiliary.
Menene Ursodeoxycholic Acid (UDCA) Foda?
As mentioned above, Ursodeoxycholic acid foda is a synthetic form of UDCA used to treat patients suffering from various hepatobiliary conditions. Ursodeoxycholic acid foda has been found to be effective in Primary Biliary Cirrhosis and has been shown to improve the survival of patients. To find the best Ursodeoxycholic acid powder and get good price, you maybe need to buy Ursodeoxycholic acid powder wholesale.
Halayen Physicochemical na Ursodeoxycholic Acid
UDCA (3α, 7β-dihydroxy5β-cholanoic acid) bile acid ne na biyu. An kafa shi bayan aikin enzymatic na ƙwayoyin cuta na hanji akan bile acid na farko. Bile acid na farko suna bi da bi, waɗanda aka samo su daga halayen enzymatic hydroxylation na cholesterol.
UDCA powder has been shown to have hepato-protective properties. Usually, the majority of primary and secondary bile acids produced are hydrophobic. On the other hand, Ursodeoxycholic acid powderis hydrophilic and decreases the oxidative damage caused by hydrophobic acids. The hydrophilic property of Ursodeoxycholic acid foda is the basis for oral UDCA therapy, which is convenient and easy.
Bayan shan UDCA exogenous ta baki, sha yana faruwa da farko a cikin ƙananan hanji ta hanyar watsawa mara amfani. UDCA kuma an rushe a cikin jejunum na kusa yayin da yake haɗuwa da micelles na bile acid. Bayan an shigar da shi cikin hanta, haɗin UDCA yana faruwa. An haɗa UDCA tare da glycine kuma zuwa ƙaramin digiri tare da taurine. Sa'an nan kuma ana ɓoye shi sosai a cikin bile ta hanyar zagayawa na enterohepatic.
Ursodeoxycholic acid conjugates don haka kafa suna tsotse musamman daga nesa. UDCA da ba a sha ba ta shiga cikin hanji kuma ana juyar da ita ta hanyar ƙwayoyin hanji zuwa lithocholic acid. Lithopolis acid galibi ba ya narkewa kuma yana fita a cikin najasa. An sha ɗan ƙaramin juzu'i na lithocholic acid. Daga nan sai a sanya sulfate a cikin hanta, a ɓoye a cikin bile, sannan a fitar da shi a cikin najasa.
Ursodeoxycholic Acid/Ursodiol Powder Mechanism of Action
Ursodeoxycholic acid foda has shown to have multiple mechanisms of action, and there are still mechanisms that are under study.
Ursodeoxycholic acid foda has shown to be significantly useful in protecting cholangiocyte injury against toxic effects of bile acids, stimulation of biliary secretion which is impaired previously, stimulation in the detoxification process against hydrophobic bile acids, or inhibition of apoptosis, i.e., self-medicated cell death of hepatocytes.
Har yanzu ba a fahimci wanene daga cikin waɗannan hanyoyin ke da alhakin tasirin amfanin UDCA ba. Bayan haka, ƙimar fa'ida daga UDCA shima ya dogara da takamaiman yanayin mutum da matakin cutar.
Menene Babban Tushen Ursodeoxycholic acid foda A Kasuwa?
Although humans produce UDCA, it is significantly lower than other bile acids produced. Therefore, an alternative search is still ongoing. To date, ursodeoxycholic acid foda production in bears has been in significant amounts.
Since there are animal rights implications and a poaching risk, alternative sources are being looked upon. Among them, bovine UDCA powder has shown good results. Other sources like yeast and algae are also being looked upon. Synthetic production of UDCA from precursor molecules is also of significant interest. However, the cost implications are also being considered. The latest development in the area is looking at plant sources as an alternative. There are many synthetic ursodeoxycholic acid foda for sale, find the true source of ursodeoxycholic acid powder supplier, ou need to pay more attention to it. And ursodeoxycholic acid supplements are available on line.
Fa'idodi & Tasirin Ursodeoxycholic Acid Foda
Menene amfanin ursodeoxycholic acid? UDCA foda ya nuna ci gaba mai mahimmanci kuma yana iyakance ga yanayi daban-daban na hepatobiliary. Ana amfani da shi don magancewa da sarrafa yanayin hanta daban-daban, kamar cututtukan gallstone (cholelithiasis), biliary cholangitis na farko, da sclerosing cholangitis na farko.
An nuna cewa yana da tasiri mai tasiri akan tsarin rigakafi, rage cholesterol, narkar da duwatsun gallbladder, kare hanta, da rage matakan lipids na jini don suna kaɗan. Kodayake ainihin hanyar da UDCA ke yin haka har yanzu yanki ne na bincike, an riga an tattauna hanyoyin da aka sani a sama.
Menene Ursodeoxycholic acid foda An yi amfani da shi don?
Ursodeoxycholic acid (ursodiol) ana amfani dashi sosai kuma da yawa don cututtukan hanta da bile ducts daban-daban. Koyaya, amfani da shi bai iyakance ga yanayin hanta ba kawai. Ta cikin shekaru masu ƙarfi na bincike, an tabbatar da ingantaccen tasirin UDCA akan magance yanayi daban-daban. Wannan ya haɗa da narkar da duwatsun gallbladder da kuma yin rigakafi da magance cututtukan gallstone. UDCA foda kuma ana amfani dashi azaman wanka na anionic don bincike na biochemical, wakili na anti-cholelithiasis, anticonvulsant, da wakili na cytoprotective. Sauran amfani da ursodeoxycholic acid foda har yanzu yanki ne na sha'awar bincike daban-daban da kuma gwaje-gwaje na asibiti.
Yadda ake shan Ursodeoxycholic Acid Foda?
Ursodeoxycholic acid supplement is usually not sold over the counter and, most of the time requires a doctor’s prescription. Before using UDCA, it is important to discuss the potential risk vs. benefit with your doctor. The doctor will often discuss on the lines of medical history, particularly hepatobiliary diseases and allergic history. Even though UDCA is used for hepatobiliary diseases, there are some hepatobiliary diseases where caution needs to be applied.
Sabili da haka, tattaunawa mai yawa tare da likita yana da mahimmanci kuma mafi mahimmanci idan kuna da wasu tarihin likitancin da suka gabata tare da layin ascites (ruwan ruwa a cikin kogin peritoneal), varices na jini (jijiya da ke kara girma da zubar jini), hanta encephalopathy (kwakwalwa). Pathology saboda gazawar hanta), lalacewar hanta a baya, dashen hanta, toshewar biliary fili, matsalolin biliary fili, da pancreatitis.
Lokacin da duk tattaunawar ba ta nuna wani babban haɗari ba, UDCA yawanci ana wajabta kamar haka:
Don cutar gallstone:
Manya da yara masu shekaru 12 da haihuwa - Matsakaicin ursodeoxycholic acid yawanci shine 8 zuwa 10 milligrams (mg) kowace kilogram (kg) na nauyin jiki kowace rana, zuwa kashi biyu ko uku.
Yara da ke ƙasa da shekaru 12 - Wannan gabaɗaya likita ne ya ƙaddara.
Don biliary cirrhosis na farko:
Manya-Abincin shine yawanci 13 zuwa 15 milligrams (mg) a kowace kilogiram (kg) na nauyin jiki kowace rana, zuwa kashi biyu zuwa hudu. Likitanku na iya daidaita adadin ku kamar yadda ake buƙata.
Yara- Wannan gabaɗaya likita ne ya ƙaddara
Don rigakafin gallstones yayin asarar nauyi mai sauri:
Manya-Magungunan ursodeoxycholic acid yawanci shine milligrams 300 (mg) sau biyu a rana.
Yara kasa da shekaru 12 - Wannan gabaɗaya likita ne ya ƙaddara.
Yawancin lokaci, idan an rasa kashi ɗaya, ana ba da shawarar shan maganin da aka rasa da wuri-wuri idan lokacin daga kashi na ƙarshe bai wuce sa'o'i 4 ba. A yawancin allurai da aka rasa, shawarwari tare da likita ya zama dole.
Dole ne a ɗauki UDCA bisa ga umarnin likita. Idan aka yi amfani da abin da ya wuce kima, yana da wuya a ce karin kashi ɗaya zai haifar da lahani. Duk da haka, idan akwai wani abu mai mahimmanci, yana da kyau a tuntuɓi likitan ku ko ziyarci asibiti mafi kusa.
Like every medication, there is always a sakamako na gefe to a degree. It is best to contact your doctor or nearest hospital if any of the following ursodeoxycholic acid illa are seen:
Bayyanar cututtuka na yau da kullun
Ciwon mafitsara, fitsari mai jini ko gizagizai, zafi ko fitsari mai radadi, tashin hankali, saurin bugun zuciya, yawan sha'awar fitsari, rashin narkewar abinci, ciwon baya ko ciwon gefe, tashin zuciya mai tsanani, kurjin fata ko kaikayi ga dukkan jiki, ciwon ciki, amai, rauni.
Ƙananan bayyanar cututtuka
Baƙar fata, ciwon ƙirji, sanyi ko zazzaɓi, tari, nuna jajayen tabo a fata, mai tsanani ko ci gaba da ciwon ciki, ciwon makogwaro ko kumburin gland, ciwon ko ulcer ko fari a lebe ko a baki, zubar jini da ba a saba gani ba ko rauni, gajiya ko rauni da ba a saba gani ba.
An nuna cikakkiyar taimako na bayyanar cututtuka a cikin makonni 3-6 na fara jiyya tare da foda UDCA. Tsawon lokacin aikin jiyya ya bambanta daga mutum zuwa mutum. Likitan da ke ba da izini yana tantance yanayin lokaci zuwa lokaci. Don haka, bin lokaci yana da mahimmanci. Ursodeoxycholic acid foda an samo shi lafiya a cikin mutanen da suka ci gaba da ɗaukar shi har zuwa watanni 6 har ma a cikin mutanen da suka dauki shi tsawon watanni 48. Yana da, sabili da haka, yana da lafiya a ce UDCA foda yana da lafiya don amfani da dogon lokaci, idan akwai bin lokaci da kuma gwaje-gwajen aikin hanta na yau da kullum.
Menene Mafi kyawun Magani ga Cututtukan Hanta?
Babu cikakkiyar magani mafi kyau ko tsarin harbi guda ga duk cututtukan hanta. Ursodeoxycholic acid foda, duk da haka, yana da amfani kuma baya iyakance ga yanayin hanta daban-daban, kamar cututtukan gallstone (cholelithiasis), biliary cholangitis na farko, da sclerosing cholangitis na farko.
Zan iya shan Ursodiol/Ursodeoxycholic Acid tare da Wasu Magunguna?
UDCA ingantacciyar magani ce mai aminci. Koyaya, ana buƙatar yin taka tsantsan idan ana ɗaukar wasu magungunan da ke ɗauke da cholestyramine, kolestimide, kolestipol, aluminum hydroxide, da smectite tare da UDCA saboda sha UDCA ta lalace. Ana ganin hulɗar miyagun ƙwayoyi na ƙwayar cuta tare da mahadi metabolized ta hanyar cytochrome P4503A tare da wasu kwayoyi kamar cyclosporin, nitrendipine, da dapsone.
Shin Ursodeoxycholic acid foda yana da kyau ga hanta?
Ursodeoxycholic acid foda yana da kyau ga hanta gabaɗaya saboda ayyukansa na kariya akan cholangiocytes da hepatocytes, kariya daga rauni daga tasirin guba na bile acid, haɓakar ƙwayar biliary, da haɓakawa a cikin tsarin detoxification akan bile acid hydrophobic da hana apoptosis, watau. , kai-medicated cell mutuwar hepatocytes.
Hakanan an yi amfani da UDCA ko Udiliv (sunan kasuwanci) don sarrafa cututtukan hanta mai ƙiba, musamman marasa shan giya steatohepatitis (NASH), tare da sakamako mai kyau. Duk da haka, ƙarin bincike da meta-bincike suna da mahimmanci don ingantaccen inganci.
Menene Bambanci Tsakanin Ursodeoxycholic Acid (UDCA) Da Chenodeoxycholic Acid (CDCA)?
UDCA da CDCA duka bile acid ne. A cikin mutane, ana samar da UDCA da Chenodeoxycholic Acid (CDCA). Koyaya, ana samar da CDCA a cikin adadi mafi girma. Dukansu UDCA da CDCA sune samfuran rushewar cholesterol, don farawa da. CDCA dai bile acid ne na farko, watau hanta ne ke hada shi daga cholesterol, yayin da UDCA ke samar da ita sakamakon rugujewar enzymatic ta kwayoyin cuta a cikin hanji.
Kamar haka, a cikin mahallin cutar gallstone, Ursodeoxycholic Acid (UDCA) ya fi tasiri fiye da CDCA a cikin ƙananan ƙananan hukumomi da mafi girma.
buy Ursodeoxycholic acid foda girma? | ina don samun mafi kyau Ursodeoxycholic acid foda manufacturer?
Ursodeoxycholic acid foda girma za a iya saya a kan layi ta hanyar yanar gizo daban-daban. Koyaya, kuna buƙatar yin hankali game da sahihanci da ingancin samfurin. Dole ne a fara yin cikakken bincike na abubuwan da ke aiki da kuma maida hankali. Phcoker shine mafi kyawun ursodeoxycholic acid foda masana'anta.
Ursodeoxycholic Acid: Babban Jagorar FAQ
Shin da gaske ursodiol yana aiki?
Ee. Ursodiol ya nuna yana da tasiri wajen magance cututtuka daban-daban na hanta, idan an gano cutar da wuri, kuma an fara maganin da wuri-wuri.
Wane magani ne ke narkar da sludge gallbladder?
An tabbatar da foda na UDCA don zama mai tasiri a cikin rushe gallbladder sludge.
Shin ursodiol zai iya haifar da kiba?
UDCA foda zai iya haifar da karuwar nauyi, musamman a farkon watanni 12 na jiyya.
Menene ursodiol da steroid?
Steroids ne categorical na daban-daban iri. Dukansu steroids da bile acid an haɗa su ko samfuran rayuwa ne na cholesterol. Wasu nazarin sun nuna yanayin sirdioid irin na bile acid a cikin daidaita ayyukan jiki na yau da kullun. Koyaya, ana buƙatar ƙarin bincike a fagen don ingantaccen shaida.
Shin ursodiol shine maganin rigakafi?
An gano UDCA yana da wasu kaddarorin immunosuppressant.
Shin ursodiol yana rage yawan bile acid?
UDCA ya nuna yana da tasiri a cikin ƙarfafa detoxification akan acid hydrophobic. Ursodeoxycholic acid foda an kuma nuna don rage hydrophobic acid. Duk da haka, ƙarin bincike ya zama dole.
Shin ursodiol yana inganta enzymes hanta?
UDCA an tabbatar da tasiri a inganta hanta enzymes a daban-daban pathologies hanta.
Ya ƙunshi ursodeoxycholic acid foda mai kyau ga koda?
Binciken da aka gudanar akan berayen bai nuna cutar da UDCA foda ba. Duk da haka, ana ci gaba da gudanar da bincike mai zurfi kan mutane.
Shin ursodiol zai iya taimakawa hanta mai kitse?
UDCA yana da amfani a cikin hanta mai kitse. Koyaya, ana ci gaba da gwaje-gwajen da aka tsara a hankali don wannan batu.
Shin ursodiol yana rage triglycerides?
An gano UDCA don rage ƙananan ƙananan lipoproteins (LDL) da kuma Low-Density Lipoproteins (VLDL). Duk da haka, jimlar matakin triglyceride ba shi da wani gagarumin canje-canje bayan jiyya tare da UDCA foda.
Akwai madadin ursodiol?
Akwai madadin magani zuwa UDCA. Koyaya, tasiri da ingancin waɗannan wakilai sun kasance muhawara. Tuntubar likita game da hanya da abin da ya fi dacewa a gare ku zai zama taimako.
lsursocol maganin rigakafi?
A'a, ursocol ba maganin rigakafi ba ne. Magunguna ne mai ayyuka daban-daban amma da farko yana kare hepatocytes kuma yana taimakawa wajen rushewar gallstones.
Shin cholestasis cutar hanta ce?
Cholestasis kawai yana nufin cewa bile ya daina gudana tare da bishiyar biliary ko kuma gudana yana jinkirin. Wannan toshewar cikin kwararar bile na iya haifar da rauni da cututtuka na hanta.
Yaya tasirin ursodeoxycholic acid yake?
UDCA yana da tasiri a cikin maganin cututtuka daban-daban na hanta da kuma wasu yanayi.
Wane irin magani ne ursodiol?
UDCA shine bile acid na biyu. Yana da matukar amfani wajen kare rauni na cholangiocyte daga tasirin guba na bile acid, haɓakar ƙwayar biliary wanda ke da lahani a baya, ƙarfafawa a cikin tsarin detoxification akan acid bile acid hydrophobic, ko hana apoptosis watau, mutuwar kwayar cutar kansa ta hepatocytes.
Shin ursodiol yana rage cholesterol?
Studies show that Ursodeoxycholic acid foda can reduce cholesterol levels.
Shin ursodiol zai iya haifar da pancreatitis?
Pancreatitis tare da amfani da UDCA ba kowa bane. An yi amfani da UDCA don maganin pancreatitis.
Shin ursodiol yana sa ku barci?
Tiredness and weakness are amongst the least common illa of UDCA.
References
- Amfani da ursodeoxycholic acid a cikin cututtukan hanta. D Kumar, RK Tandon.J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2001 Jan; 16 (1): 3-14. doi: 10.1046/j.1440-1746.2001.02376.x.PMID: 11206313
- Ursodeoxycholic acid a cikin cututtukan hanta cholestatic: hanyoyin aiwatar da aiki da amfani da warkewa sun sake dubawa.Gustav Paumgartner , Ulrich Beuers.PMID: 12198643 DOI: 10.1053/jhep.2002.36088 Hepatology. 2002 Satumba; 36 (3): 525-31.
- Hanyoyi na aiki da ingantaccen magani na ursodeoxycholic acid a cikin cututtukan hanta na cholestatic.Gustav Paumgartner, Ulrich Beuers.PMID: 15062194 DOI: 10.1016/S1089-3261(03)00135-1 Clin Liver Disk. 2004 Feb; 8 (1): 67-81, vi.
- Bayanin Sigina na Bile Acids da Ra'ayi akan Siginar Ursodeoxycholic Acid, Mafi Hydrophilic Bile Acid, a cikin Zuciya.Noorul Izzati Hanafi, Anis Syamimi Mohamed, Siti Hamimah Sheikh Abdul Kadir, Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan Othman.PMID: 30486474 PMCID: 6316857 PMCID10.3390 : 8040159/biom2018 Biomolecules. 27 Nuwamba 8; 4 (159): XNUMX.
- Amsar Ursodeoxycholic Acid Yana Haɗe da Rage Mutuwar Mutuwa a Farko na Biliary Cholangitis Tare da Cire Ciwon Ciki.Binu V John, Nidah S Khakoo, Kaley B Schwartz, Gabriella Aitchenson, Cynthia Levy, Bassam Dahman, Yangyang Deng, David S Goldberg, Paul Martin, David E , Tamar H Taddei.PMID: 33989225 PMCID: PMC8410631 (akwai ranar 2022-09-01) DOI: 10.14309/ajg.0000000000001280 Am J Gastroenterol. 2021 Satumba 1; 116 (9): 1913-1923.
- Menene tasirin maganin ursodeoxycholic acid na dogon lokaci a cikin marasa lafiya tare da biliary cirrhosis na farko?Virginia C Clark, Cynthia Levy.PMID: 17290236 DOI: 10.1038/ncpgasthep0741 Nat Clin Pract Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2007 Afrilu; 4 (4): 188-9.
- Ci gaba na baya-bayan nan a cikin kira na ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA): nazari mai mahimmanci. Fabio Tonin da Isabel WCE Arends masu dacewa da marubuci.PMCID: PMC5827811 PMID: 29520309 doi: 10.3762/bjoc.14.33 Beilstein J Org Chem. 2018; 14: 470-483.
- Bear bile: matsalar amfani da magungunan gargajiya da kariyar dabbobi. Yibin Feng, mawallafi masu dacewa Kayu Siu,Ning Wang,Kwan-Ming Ng, Sai-Wah Tsao, Tadashi Nagamatsu, and Yao Tong.PMCID: PMC2630947 PMID: 19138420 doi: 10.1186/1746-4269ed Ethobithn. 5; 2:2009 ku.
- Ursodeoxycholic acid: amintaccen wakili mai inganci don narkar da gallstones.GS Tint, G Salen, A Colalillo, D Graber, D Verga, J Speck, S Shefer.PMID: 7051912 doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-97-3-351 . Ann Intern Med. 1982 Satumba; 97 (3): 351-6.
- Maganin narkar da gallstone tare da ursodiol. inganci da aminci. G Salen.PMID: 2689115 DOI: 10.1007/BF01536661 Dig Dis Sci. 1989 Dec; 34 (12 Suppl): 39S-43S.
- Ursodeoxycholic acid - mummunan tasiri da hulɗar miyagun ƙwayoyi. Hempfling, K. Dilger, U. Beuers
- Ursodeoxycholic acid don maganin steatohepatitis mara barasa: Sakamako na gwaji bazuwar.Keith D. Lindor, Kris V. Kowdley,E. Jenny Heathcote, M. Edwyn Harrison, Roberta Jorgensen, Paul Angulo, James F. Lymp, Lawrence Burgart, Patrick Colin
- High-dose ursodeoxycholic acid far for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: a sau biyu makafi, bazuwar, placebo-sarrafawa gwaji Hein,Thomas Berg, Ƙungiyar Nazarin NASH
- Ursodeoxycholic acid don maganin steatohepatitis mara barasa: Sakamako na gwaji bazuwar.Keith D. Lindor, Kris V. Kowdley,E. Jenny Heathcote, M. Edwyn Harrison, Roberta Jorgensen, Paul Angulo, James F. Lymp, Lawrence Burgart, Patrick Colin
- Matsayin ursodeoxycholic acid a cikin steatohepatitis mara giya: nazari na yau da kullun.Zun Xiang, Yi-peng Chen, Kui-fen Ma, Yue-fang Ye, Lin Zheng, Yi-da Yang, You-ming Li, Xi Jin.PMID : 24053454 PMCID: PMC3848865 DOI: 10.1186/1471-230X-13-140 BMC Gastroenterol. 2013 Satumba 23; 13:140.
- Ursodeoxycholic acid vs. chenodeoxycholic acid as cholesterol gallstone-dissolving agents: a comparative randomized study.E Roda, F Bazzoli, AM Labate, G Mazzella, A Roda, C Sama, D Festi, R Aldini, F Taroni, L Barbara.PMID: 7141392 DOI: 10.1002/hep.1840020611 Hepatology. Nuwamba-Decemba 1982; 2 (6): 804-10.
